ISO TC 46: Information and documentation

WG 3: Conversion of written languages

[main page] [general links] [links by languages/scripts] [terms]

Links on transliteration and romanization by languages/scripts

Links are provided for information only and do not imply any endorsement. Abbreviations used: ALA-LC = systems used by the American Library Association and Library of Congress; BGN/PCGN = systems adopted jointly by the US Board of Geographic Names and the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use (Agr. = agreement, TC = table of correspondences); KNAB = systems used in the Place Names Database of EKI; TRL = Transliteration of Non-Roman Scripts by Thomas Pedersen (comparison of various systems); UN = United Nations romanization systems for geographical names approved by the UN conferences on the standardization of geographical names; UNGEGN = systems on the agenda of the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names; Wp = specific articles in Wikipedia. (For links to the sources see also general links.) Part I contains languages/scripts used on national level; Part II contains all other languages/scripts, including historic ones. Please report any missing or broken links to the convenor.

I. National languages/scripts

Amharic (Ethiopic)
ALA-LC 2011 | BGN/PCGN 1967 | KNAB [= BGN/PCGN] | UN 1967

Azerbaijani (Cyrillic, historic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN TC 2002 | KNAB [= Roman 1991] | TRL | UNGEGN
see also Azerbaijani (Perso-Arabic) in Part II

Bengali (Bengali; ISO 15919)
ALA-LC 2012 | KNAB [= UN] | TRL | UN 1972/1977 | Wikipedia

Cyrillic script (ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | Wikipedia

Dari (Perso-Arabic)
BGN/PCGN Agr. 2007 [unified Afghan] | KNAB [= UN 1972]

Dzongkha (Tibetan)
BGN/PCGN Agr. 2010 | KNAB [= nat. rom.] | UNGEGN

Hebrew (Hebrew; ISO 259 and 259-2)
ALA-LC 2011 | BGN/PCGN Agr. 1962 | KNAB [= UN] | UN 1977/2007 | Wikipedia

Japanese (Sino-Japanese; ISO 3602)
ALA-LC 2012 | BGN/PCGN Agr. 1930 | KNAB [= BGN/PCGN] | UNGEGN | Wikipedia

Khmer (Khmer)
ALA-LC 2012 | BGN/PCGN Agr. 1972 | KNAB [= UN] | UN 1972 | Wikipedia

Lao (Lao)
ALA-LC 2012 | BGN/PCGN Agr. 1966 | KNAB [= BGN/PCGN] | UNGEGN | Wikipedia

Moldavian (Cyrillic, historic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN TC 2002 | KNAB [= Roman] | TRL
see also Romanian (Cyrillic) in Part II

Mongolian (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN 1964 | KNAB 1993 | TRL | UNGEGN
see also Mongolian (Mongolian) in Part II

Nepali (Devanagari; ISO 15919)
KNAB [= UN] | BGN/PCGN 2009 | TRL | UN 1972/1977

Pashto (Perso-Arabic)
ALA-LC 2013 | BGN/PCGN Agr. 2007 [unified Afghan] | BGN/PCGN 1968 | KNAB [= BGN/PCGN] | UNGEGN

Sinhalese (Sinhalese; ISO 15919)
ALA-LC 2011 | KNAB 1989 | UNGEGN | Wikipedia

Tajik (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN 1994 | KNAB 1981 | TRL | UNGEGN

Tamil (Tamil; ISO 15919)
ALA-LC 2011 | KNAB [= UN] | UN 1972/1977

Tigrinya (Ethiopic)
ALA-LC 2011 | BGN/PCGN 2007 | KNAB [= BGN/PCGN] | UNGEGN

Turkmen (Cyrillic, historic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN TC 2000 | KNAB [= Roman 1999] | TRL | UNGEGN

Urdu (Perso-Arabic)
ALA-LC 2013 | BGN/PCGN 2007 | KNAB [= UN] | UN 1972/1977 | Wikipedia

Uzbek (Cyrillic, historic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN TC 2000 | KNAB [= Roman 1995] | TRL [incl. Perso-Arabic] | UNGEGN

II. Other languages/scripts

Abaza (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1993 | TRL

Abkhaz (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN 2011 | KNAB 1993 | TRL

Adyghian (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN 2012 | KNAB 1993 | TRL

Altay (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1995 | TRL

Assamese (Bengali; ISO 15919)
ALA-LC 2012 | KNAB [= UN] | TRL | UN 1972/1977

Avar (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN 2011 | KNAB 1993 | TRL

Azerbaijani (Perso-Arabic)
ALA-LC 2011 | TRL
see also Azerbaijani (Cyrillic) in Part I

Balinese (Balinese)
ALA-LC 2012

Baluchi (Perso-Arabic)
BGN/PCGN 2008

Bashkir (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN Agr. 2007 | KNAB 2002 | TRL

Batak (Batak)
ALA-LC 2012 | KNAB [= Roman]

Buginese (Buginese)
KNAB [= Roman]

Buhid (Buhid)
KNAB [= Roman]

Buryat (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Central Siberian Yupik (Eskimo) (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (=Yuit, non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Chechen (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN TC 2008 | KNAB [= Roman 1992] | TRL

Cherokee (Cherokee)
ALA-LC 2012 | KNAB

Chukchi (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Church Slavonic (Glagolitic/Cyrillic, historic)
ALA-LC 2011 | KNAB 2012

Chuvash (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN 2011 | KNAB 1995 | TRL

Coptic (Coptic)
ALA-LC 2014 | KNAB 2001

Crimean Tatar (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB [= Roman 1993] | TRL

Dargwa (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1993 | TRL

Dungan (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Erzya (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Even (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Evenki (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Gagauz (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1995 | TRL

Gujarati (Gujarati; ISO 15919)
ALA-LC 2011 | KNAB [= UN] | TRL | UN 1972/1977

Hanunó'o (Hanunó'o)
KNAB [= Roman]

Hmong (Pahawh Hmong)
KNAB [= Romanized Pop. Alphabet]

Ingush (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 2003 | TRL

Inuktitut (Canadian aboriginal syllabics)
ALA-LC 2011 | BGN/PCGN TC 2013 | KNAB | Wikipedia

Javanese (Javanese)
ALA-LC 2011 (incl. Sundanese and Madurese)

Jawi-Pegon (Perso-Arabic)
ALA-LC 2012

Judeo-Arabic (Hebrew, historic; ISO 259)
ALA-LC 2011

Kabardian-Circassian (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN 2011 | KNAB 1993 | TRL

Kalmyk (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL
see also Oirat (Kalmyk)

Kannada (Kannada; ISO 15919)
ALA-LC 2011 | KNAB [= UN] | TRL | UN 1972/1977

Karachay-Balkar (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN TC 2008 | KNAB 1995 | TRL

Karakalpak (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB [= Roman 2004] | TRL

Karay (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
KNAB 2002

Karen (Burmese)
KNAB 2009

Kashmiri (Perso-Arabic)
ALA-LC 2012

Kayah (Kayah Li)
KNAB 2012

Kazakh (Perso-Arabic)
ALA-LC 2012 | TRL
see also Kazakh (Cyrillic) in Part I

Khakass (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1995 | TRL

Khanty (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Komi (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Komi-Permyak (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Koryak (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Kumyk (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1995 | TRL

Kurdish (Perso-Arabic)
ALA-LC 2012 | ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic Cyrillic) | BGN/PCGN 2007 | KNAB [= Roman 1932]

Ladino (Hebrew, historic; ISO 259)
ALA-LC 2011

Lakh (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1993 | TRL

Lepcha (Lepcha)
ALA-LC 2012 | KNAB [trad.]

Lezgian (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1993 | TRL

Limbu (Limbu)
ALA-LC 2011 | KNAB 2012

Lisu (Lisu)
KNAB [= pinyin]

Malayalam (Malayalam; ISO 15919)
ALA-LC 2012 | KNAB [= UN] | TRL | UN 1972/1977 | Wikipedia

Manchu (Mongolian)
ALA-LC 2012 | Wikipedia

Manipuri (Bengali; ISO 15919)
TRL

Mansi (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Marathi (Devanagari; ISO 15919)
ALA-LC 2011 | KNAB [= UN] | TRL | UN 1972/1977

Mari (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 [Meadow Mari] | KNAB 1994 [Hill Mari] | TRL

Miao (A Hmao) (Miao)
KNAB [= pinyin]

Moksha (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Mon (Burmese)
KNAB 2003

Mongolian (Mongolian)
ALA-LC 1997 | KNAB 2007 | TRL | UN 1977
see also Mongolian (Cyrillic) in Part I

Moplah ( [= Malayalam in] Perso-Arabic)
ALA-LC 2012

Nanai (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Nenets (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Nivkh (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

N'Ko (N'Ko)
KNAB 2012

Nogay (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1995 | TRL

Northern Thai (Tai Tham)
KNAB 2012

Oirat (Kalmyk) (Mongolian clear script [Todo Bichig], historic)
ALA-LC 2012
see also Kalmyk (Cyrillic)

Oriya (Oriya; ISO 15919)
ALA-LC 2011 | KNAB [= UN] | TRL | UN 1972/1977

Ossetic (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN 2009 | KNAB 1998 | TRL

Ottoman Turkish (Perso-Arabic, historic)
ALA-LC 2011 | TRL

Pali (various scripts, historic)
ALA-LC 2012

Punjabi (Gurmukhi; ISO 15919)
ALA-LC 2011 | KNAB [= UN] | UN 1972/1977

Romanian (Cyrillic, historic)
ALA-LC 2014
see also Moldavian (Cyrillic) in Part I

Ruthenian (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2013 | TRL

Sanskrit (Devanagari; ISO 15919)
ALA-LC 2012 (incl. Prakrit) | Wikipedia

Santali (Santali)
ALA-LC 2012

Selkup (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Shan (Burmese)
ALA-LC 2012 | BGN/PCGN 2011 | KNAB 2003

Shor (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic)

Sindhi (Perso-Arabic)
ALA-LC 2013 | TRL [incl. Devanagari]

Syriac (Syriac)
ALA-LC 2012 | ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic Cyrillic) | BGN/PCGN 2011 | KNAB [≈ BGN/PCGN]

Tabassaran (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 2003 | TRL

Tagalog (Tagalog, historic)
KNAB [= Roman]

Tagbanwa (Tagbanwa)
KNAB [= Roman]

Tai Dam (Tai Viet)
KNAB 2013

Tai Lü (New Tai Lue)
KNAB 2013

Tai Nüa (Tai Le)
KNAB 2013

Talysh (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
KNAB 1998 | TRL

Tamasheq (Tifinagh)
ALA-LC 2013 | KNAB 2012

Tamazight (Tifinagh)
ALA-LC 2012 | KNAB 2012

Tat (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 2012

Tatar (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN TC 2005 | KNAB [= Roman 2001] | TRL

Telugu (Telugu; ISO 15919)
ALA-LC 2011 | KNAB [= UN] | UN 1972/1977 | Wikipedia

Tibetan (Tibetan)
ALA-LC 2012 | KNAB [= UN] | pinyin [Wp] | UN 1977 | Wiley [Wp]

Tuvinian (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | KNAB 1995 | TRL

Udmurt (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN 2011 | KNAB 1994 | TRL

Uighur (Perso-Arabic)
ALA-LC 2012 | ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic Cyrillic) | KNAB [= UN] | UN 1977

Vai (Vai)
ALA-LC 2011 | KNAB 2012

Yakut (Cyrillic; ISO 9)
ALA-LC 2012 (non-Slavic) | BGN/PCGN 2012 | KNAB 1995 | TRL

Yiddish (Hebrew; ISO 259)
ALA-LC 2011 | KNAB 1998 | TRL

Opened: 2015-06-18
Updated: 2016-06-22