REPORT ON THE CURRENT STATUS OF
UNITED NATIONS ROMANIZATION SYSTEMS FOR GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES
Compiled by the UNGEGN Working Group on Romanization Systems
Version 2.2, January 2003
No information has been received on whether there exist any national systems of romanization for Sinhalese (Sinhala) in Sri Lanka.
In 1972, D. N. Sharma prepared a romanization table for Sinhalese (Sinhala) which was published in vol. II of the conference report together with the other languages of the Indian group (Second United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names. London, 10-31 May 1972. Vol. II. Technical papers, pp. 151-152.).
Sinhalese uses an alphasyllabic script whereby each character represents a syllable rather than one sound. Vowels and diphthongs are marked in two ways: as independent characters (used syllable-initially) and in an abbreviated form, to denote vowels after consonants.
Character variants and a list of ligatures have been added to the table prepared by D. N. Sharma.
I. Independent vowel characters
1 | අ | a |
2 | ආ | ā |
3 | ඇ | æ̆A |
4 | ඈ | æA |
5 | ඉ | i |
6 | ඊ | ī |
7 | උ | u |
8 | ඌ | ū |
9 | ඍ | ṛ |
10 | ඎ | ṝ |
11 | එ | ĕ |
12 | ඒ | e |
13 | ඓ | aiA |
14 | ඔ | ŏ |
15 | ඕ | o |
16 | ඖ | au |
II. Abbreviated vowel characters and other symbols
1 | a | |
2 | ා | ā |
3 | ැ | æ̆A |
4 | ෑ | æA |
5 | ි | i |
6 | ී | ī |
7 | ු | uB |
8 | ූ | ūC |
9 | ෘ | ṛ |
10 | ෲ | ṝ |
11 | ෙ | ĕ |
12 | ේ | e |
13 | ෛ | ai |
14 | ො | ŏ |
15 | ෝ | o |
16 | ෞ | au |
17 | ං | ṁ |
18 | ඃ | ḥ |
19 | ් | (D) |
III. Consonant characters
1 | ක | ka |
2 | ඛ | khaA |
3 | ග | ga |
4 | ඝ | ghaA |
5 | ඞ | ṅaA |
6 | ච | chaA |
7 | ඡ | chhaA |
8 | ජ | ja |
9 | ඣ | jhaA |
10 | ඤ | ñaA |
11 | ට | ṭa |
12 | ඨ | ṭhaA |
13 | ඩ | ḍa |
14 | ඪ | ḍhaA |
15 | ණ | ṇa |
16 | ත | ta |
17 | ථ | thaA |
18 | ද | da |
19 | ධ | dhaA |
20 | න | na |
21 | ප | pa |
22 | ඵ | phaA |
23 | බ | ba |
24 | භ | bhaA |
25 | ම | ma |
26 | ය | ya |
27 | ර | ra |
28 | ල | la |
29 | ව | va |
30 | (ෆ | fa) |
31 | ශ | shaA |
32 | ෂ | ṣhaA |
33 | ස | sa |
34 | හ | ha |
35 | ළ | ḷa |
IV. Consonant ligatures
Examples | ||
ර් | r- | ර්ක rka, ර්ට rṭa, ර්ම rma, ර්ව rva, ර්ෂ rṣha. |
්ර | -r | ක්ර kra, ග්ර gra, ඝ්ර ghra, ජ්ර jra, ට්ර ṭra, ඩ්ර ḍra, ත්ර tra, ද්ර dra, ධ්ර dhra, ප්ර pra, බ්ර bra, භ්ර bhra, ශ්ර shra. |
්ය | -y | ක්ය kya, ත්ය tya, ව්ය vya. |
Prenasalized sounds: ඟ ṅga, ඦ ñja, ඬ ṇḍa, ඳ nda, ඹ mba.
Other ligatures: ක්ෂ kṣha, ඥ jña, ද්ව dva, න්ද nda.